The glycoproteins and the glycolipids help stabilize the membrane structure as they form hydrogen bonds with water molecules in the fluid surrounding the cell. They act as receptors and help cell identification, hormone responses, and neurotransmission.
Glcyoproteins are also known as channel proteins, carrier proteins, receptor proteins, and enzymatic proteins. Channel proteins allow a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane freely. Carrier proteins selectively interacts with a specific molecule or ion so that it can cross the plasma membrane. receptor proteins are shaped in a way that a specific molecule can bind to it. Enzymatic protein catalyzes a specific reaction.
The cholesterol stiffens and strengthens the membrane, thereby helping to regulate its fluidity.
The carbohydrates protect the cell surfaces, it facilitates adhesion between cells, reception of signal molecules, and cell-cell recognition.
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